In 2024, the global developer population is projected to surpass 28 million, with coding being the main driver in countless industries. For aspiring coders, determining the best programming language to learn is critical to staying relevant in this arena.
Programming languages drive everything from web development and mobile apps to development with AI and MI. To give a perspective of how big these industries are, the machine learning industry alone is predicted to grow to $225.91 billion by 2030. Opting for the easiest programming language to start with or preparing to tackle the hardest coding languages to learn can define your trajectory in this evolving field.
But before moving on to choosing a coding language to learn, there are a few factors to consider.
Things to Consider When Learning a Programming Language
Learning a programming language is a journey that demands time, effort, and dedication. For beginners, selecting the best programming language to learn should align with their goals and the language’s practical utility.
Programming languages, much like query languages or logical statements, require precision and adaptability. Evaluating your options is essential for making an informed decision. Here are some key factors that experienced developers consider when deciding whether to learn the easiest programming language or prepare for the hardest coding language:
- Complexity of the Application: Does the language match the technical demands of the project?
- Flexibility of the Language: Can the language adapt to different use cases?
- Development Speed: How quickly can you bring your ideas to life?
- Scalability and Performance: Will the language support future growth and ensure high performance?
- Security and Privacy: Does the language prioritize robust protection for sensitive data?
Understanding these factors will help you choose the best programming language to learn based on difficulty. With that out of the way, let’s move on to the top 5 easiest programming languages you can learn.
Easiest Programming Language
There are quite a few options of programming languages to choose from when coding. Some of these are designed for simplicity, and others are built for complex systems. If you’re a beginner or looking for a straightforward entry point, you’ll likely wonder, what is the easiest computer programming language to learn?
To help you get started, here’s a list of the top five easiest programming languages that are perfect for beginners.:
1. HTML
HTML is an abbreviation for Hypertext Markup Language. There has been much debate over HTML language being a complete programming language because it is officially a Markup Language rather than a functionality-based language.
Unlike all other programming languages, this means that HTML cannot generate functions or execute conventional programming tasks because it does not provide iterative, conditional expressions or even simple mathematical operations.
HTML, on the other hand, is a primary language for structuring web pages and content. It employs many tags and labels to identify web page content, and particular tags aid in making web pages accessible and SEO optimized.
Despite its importance in the web development business, HTML is an easy language to learn. It is suggested that new learners start with HTML before moving on to other programming languages and developing their abilities.
Applications Of HTML
- Effortlessly structure and format web pages.
- Seamlessly link webpages and external resources.
- Enable multimedia integration for dynamic content.
- Enhance cross-browser compatibility with semantic tags.
- Build the foundation for interactive web experiences.
Despite its simplicity, HTML is integral to modern web development, offering beginners a perfect platform to start their coding journey.
2. JavaScript
JavaScript is a scripting programming language. It was used in conjunction with HTML and CSS to provide website functionality and make UI & UX more attractive. Making the web pages interactive makes this possible. Clients will see a change in each element when they hover, tap, scroll, or type.
Color, typeface, shadow effect, or putting out some logical tasks with predefined inputs are examples of interactive features. Because JavaScript is widely used to change HTML components or provide UI functionality, this does not mean that these are its sole capabilities.
JavaScript is capable of more robust processes such as data processing, search algorithm development, and solving complicated mathematical problems. As a result, JavaScript is more than just a programming language for the client.
Project environments such as Node.js enable JavaScript developers to do server-side work. JavaScript may be used both inside and outside of a web browser. This allows web applications to be launched from the browser to the servers using a simple programming language.
Applications Of Javascript
- Power dynamic and interactive website behavior.
- Create responsive animations and visual effects.
- Build client-side single-page applications (SPAs).
- Develop browser-based games with interactive elements.
- Communicate with servers through asynchronous APIs.
- Handle and manipulate JSON data for web applications.
By combining front-end and back-end development, JavaScript has become a popular choice for those exploring the best programming language to learn.
3. Python
Python is an open object-oriented programming language owing to its simple coding structure. The primary goal of introducing Python has been to make it more legible via the use of outlining and less complicated by removing needless parenthesis.
Python supports many programming paradigms, including object-oriented programming (OOP) and functional programming (FP). Its syntax, heavily influenced by English language structure, makes Python accessible to beginners.
Applications Of Python
- Develop desktop GUI applications with libraries like Tkinter or PyQt.
- Automate repetitive tasks with scripting and tools like Selenium.
- Build backend systems for websites using frameworks like Django or Flask.
- Develop APIs for web and mobile applications.
- Control IoT devices and robotics with frameworks like MicroPython.
- Facilitate game development using Pygame.
For aspiring developers who wonder if learning multiple languages simultaneously is feasible, Python’s simplicity and utility make it a strong contender for a foundational language that complements others seamlessly.
4. Java
Java has become a popular, diversified, and simple-to-learn programming language owing to its powerful features and simple learning process. It is a developer’s first exposure to Object-Oriented design concepts. Java Boot camps are among the many online tools available to assist a beginner-level developer in learning the language.
Java is a well-known general-purpose programming language. Although it is an ancient language, it is still relevant and popular today, thanks to its frequent updates. This is versatile enough to be used on any electronic device besides computers and mobile phones, making it one of the best programming languages to learn for developers aiming to build cross-platform applications.
Applications Of Java
- Build enterprise-level web applications.
- Develop native Android apps with Android SDK.
- Create robust backend systems for distributed applications.
- Design high-performance server-side applications with multithreading.
- Create embedded systems and IoT applications.
- Develop networked applications using Java’s socket programming.
- Build financial and banking applications with enhanced security.
Java’s combination of stability, scalability, and ease of learning cements its place as a go-to language for modern software development.
5. Ruby
Ruby is a language of programming that focuses on usability and productivity. Programmers like it because its syntax and functionality are comparable to Python, making it a suitable option for developers seeking the easiest programming language to start with. Unlike many other programming languages, it is used for a wide range of programming paradigms.
This involves functional structures, including object-oriented, & procedural programming. Compared to Python, which provides a clear, no-brainer solution to problems, Ruby allows for various ways that provide equal outcomes.
The Ruby on Rails framework makes it easier to use Ruby to build and deliver web apps to consumers. Ruby’s large and inviting community is one of the reasons it made the list of the easiest programming languages.
Applications Of Ruby
- Automate repetitive tasks and workflows with scripting.
- Build command-line tools and utilities.
- Implement test automation frameworks like RSpec or Capybara.
- Manage server configurations and deployments with tools like Chef or Puppet.
- Prototyping new features for web applications efficiently.
- Handle text parsing and file manipulation tasks with simplicity.
- Create lightweight web servers using Sinatra.
With its focus on usability and a robust ecosystem, Ruby remains a top choice for developers prioritizing simplicity and efficiency.
Hardest Programming Languages
Learning to code can be challenging, especially when looking into languages that demand an advanced understanding of programming concepts, mathematical precision, or detailed memory management.
These languages often come with a challenging learning process, making them some of the hardest coding languages to learn. Here is a list of programming languages known for their high difficulty:
1. C++
C++ is regarded as the most effective, quickest, and one of the hardest coding languages to learn. It may be used for a multitude of applications while still executing the same practical and accurate programs.
C++ allows programmers to work on a variety of programming techniques quickly. It provides beginning programmers with a thorough grasp of how systems respond to programming language commands. C++ is popular among developers because of its flexibility and resilience.
Moreover, C++ is used by programmers when it is necessary to design systems that are trustworthy, efficient, and high-performing. While not considered the best programming language, still its intricate syntax, and steep learning curve pose significant challenges.
Applications Of C++
- Develop high-performance applications like video games and simulations.
- Build system software such as operating systems and device drivers.
- Create real-time applications with low-latency requirements.
- Create graphical applications and visualizations with libraries like OpenGL.
- Build cross-platform applications with frameworks like Qt.
- Implement artificial intelligence algorithms for machine learning and robotics.
2. Haskell
The language is named for a mathematician, Haskell Curry, and is widely regarded as one of the hardest coding languages to learn and master. It’s a fully functional language based on lambda calculus.
Haskell allows for fewer code lines with maximum reusability, improving code comprehension. Although it is easy to spot faults in Haskell, fixing them is time-consuming.
Applications Of Haskell
- Build functional programming applications with pure functional paradigms.
- Develop high-assurance software where correctness is critical.
- Implement domain-specific languages (DSLs) for specialized tasks.
- Perform symbolic computation and mathematical modeling.
- Develop compilers and interpreters for programming languages.
- Solve complex problems in finance, cryptography, and scientific computing.
Despite its challenges, Haskell is a powerful tool for developers in niche domains where precision and functional programming are paramount.
3. LISP
LISP, short for “LISt Processing,” is one of the oldest programming languages, first developed in 1959. It was initially intended to manipulate data strings effortlessly, and it is now utilized for most logical AI applications.
Despite being among the old programming languages, LISP has retained its allure and is currently used by many coders focusing on high-AI applications. According to studies, when a comparable code is written in C, C++, and LISP, the LISP programs are comparatively smaller and run faster.
Applications Of LISP
- Develop artificial intelligence and machine learning systems.
- Develop rapid prototyping tools for software development.
- Build complex mathematical modeling and simulation applications.
- Perform natural language processing tasks with ease.
Its unique syntax and complex mastery process place LISP among the hardest programming languages to learn, but its enduring significance in AI and logical problem-solving keeps it at the forefront of specialized programming domains.
4. Prolog
Prolog (Programming in Logic) is a declarative programming language mostly used in AI applications, Natural Language Processing (NLP), and computer linguistics. One of its notable applications, ELIZA, is the first computer language where an automated customer support bot was created.
Prolog is a big go-go for academia and industry by AI and NLP experts. However, to utilize Prolog correctly, the developer must be an expert in both language and data science, as well as well-educated on the desired output of the program, i.e., Predicate logic.
Additionally, because Prolog code cannot be readily copied and pasted, developers often require expert guidance, especially when navigating errors or troubleshooting compilation issues. Its high barrier to entry places it among the hardest coding languages to learn.
Applications Of Prolog
- Develop logic-based artificial intelligence applications.
- Create natural language processing and understanding systems.
- Perform theorem proving and formal verification.
- Develop constraint satisfaction and optimization systems.
- Create rule-based systems for knowledge representation.
- Design and develop query-based database systems.
Prolog’s powerful abilities in logical reasoning and knowledge representation are invaluable, but mastering it requires a strong grasp of both theory and practical application.
5. Malbolge
Malbolge is notorious for being the hardest programming language ever created, as evidenced by the fact that it took no less than two years to complete the first Malbolge code. The readability of the code is incredibly low.
Malbolge is unpopular in the software business since due to its obsolete nature. It is usually learned by expert developers as a challenge and a test of their skill.
The use of esoteric notation throughout the code syntax and its self-modifying nature, which does not provide desired outcomes, renders the code unusable.
Applications Of Malbolge
- Experimental coding using esoteric programming languages.
- Study computational theory through abstract language design.
- Use as a tool for testing and exploring language design concepts.
- Use in coding challenges and competitions centered around esoteric languages.
Malbolge’s primary purpose lies in challenging the programming community rather than offering functional value, solidifying its reputation as the hardest programming language of all time.
How Does Clustox Help Navigate the Challenges of Programming?
Programming languages vary widely in their complexity, and many factors contribute to how difficult a language can be to learn. The hardest coding languages often come with a lot of challenges due to intricate syntax, low readability, or highly specific use cases.
For instance, C++ demands meticulous attention to detail in memory management, while Haskell requires abstract thinking rooted in mathematical principles. Meanwhile, esoteric languages like Malbolge seem almost designed to challenge even the most seasoned developers.
These challenges highlight the importance of choosing the right language for the right purpose. Beginners may struggle with clarity and debugging, while advanced developers might grapple with scalability and integration across systems. Missteps in choosing a language can lead to inefficiencies, delays, and even project failures.
Clustox can help clients navigate these complexities by offering expert guidance in choosing and implementing the best programming languages for their projects. When you’re aiming for custom software development solutions or advanced AI and ML incorporation, our team ensures your project leverages the most suitable technologies.